Governança do risco e preservação ambiental em construções de usinas hidrelétricas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21721/p2p.2021v7n1.p77-100Palavras-chave:
Governança do Risco, Usinas Hidrelétricas, População LocalResumo
A pesquisa busca analisar os mecanismos de governança do risco a partir dos elementos e aspectos transversais do framework elaborado pelo Comitê Internacional de Gestão de Riscos (IRGC), com objetivo de identificar ocorrências de mecanismos de governança e preservação ambiental em construções de usinas hidrelétricas. Para tanto, foram realizadas buscas em artigos, previamente selecionados, por meio de revisão sistemática com a utilização do protocolo Thorpe. Devido a esse método de seleção, a pesquisa limitou-se a algumas regiões geográficas, como alguns países do sudeste asiático, do continente africano, além de Brasil e Turquia. O estudo observou que na maioria dos artigos avaliados não foram encontrados os mecanismos de governança do risco, o que evidencia uma lacuna entre as propostas dos projetos e suas execuções. Essa falha indica uma falta de avaliação de possíveis danos às populações afetadas pelas construções. Por fim, conclui-se que é fundamental a utilização da governança do risco na proposição de projetos de usinas hidrelétricas a fim de mitigar os impactos aos habitantes das regiões afetadas pelas construções.
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Referências
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NALEPA, R. A.; SHORT GIANOTTI, A. G.; BAUER, D. M. Marginal land and the
global land rush: A spatial exploration of contested lands and state-directed development in contemporary Ethiopia. Geoforum, vol. 82, p. 237–251, Jun. 2017. DOI 10.1016/j.geoforum.2016.10.008.
PIAIA, T. C.; CERVI, J. R. Belo Monte, its dystopia, and the (in) social and environmental sustainability of brazilian energy planning. Veredas do Direito: Direito Ambiental e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, [s. l.], v. 14, n. 30, p. 169–186, 2017. Disponível em: revista.domhelder.edu.br/index.php/veredas%0D.
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ROUSSEAU, J.-F. Does carbon finance make a sustainable difference? Hydropower expansion and livelihood trade-offs in the Red River valley, Yunnan Province, China. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, vol. 38, no. 1, p. 90–107, Jan. 2017. DOI 10.1111/sjtg.12176.
SICILIANO, G.; URBAN, F. Equity-based Natural Resource Allocation for Infrastructure Development: Evidence From Large Hydropower Dams in Africa and Asia. Ecological Economics, [s. l.], v. 134, p. 130–139, 2017. Disponível em: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S092180091630372X.
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VAN ASSELT, M.; O. RENN. 2011. Risk Governance. Journal of Risk Research 14 (4): 431–449. DOI 10.1080/13669877.2011.553730.
VIEIRA, J. B.; BARRETO, R. T. S. Governança, gestão de riscos e integridade. Brasília: Enap, 2019. Disponível em: https://repositorio.enap.gov.br/bitstream/1/4281/1/5_Livro_Governança Gestão de Riscos e Integridade.pdf
ASHFORD, N.; REST, K. Public participation in contaminated communities. 1999. Disponível em: https://ashford.mit.edu/public-participation-contaminated- communities.
BEVIR, M. Governance: a very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press,
2012.
CHU, T.-W. Riparians versus the State in Southeast Asia. Asian Survey, [s. l.], v. 57, n. 6, p. 1086–1109, 2017. Disponível em: https://online.ucpress.edu/as/article/57/6/1086/24984/Riparians-versus-the-State-in- Southeast-AsiaHuman.
COOKE, F. M. et al. The Limits of Social Protection: The Case of Hydropower Dams and Indigenous Peoples’ Land. Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies, [s. l.], v. 4, n. 3, p. 437–450, 2017. Disponível em: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/app5.187.
DAGNINO, E.; OLVERA, A.; PANFICHI, A. A disputa pela Construção Democrática na América Latina. São Paulo: Paz e Terra. 2006.
DE FARIA, F. A. M. et al. The local socio-economic impacts of large hydropower plant development in a developing country. Energy Economics, [s. l.], v. 67, p. 533–544, 2017. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2017.08.025.
DE MARCHI, B.; SCOLOBIG, A. “Experts and Residents Views on Social Vulnerability to Flash Floods in na Alpine Region”. 2012. Disasters 36 (2): 316–337. DOI 10.1111/j.1467-7717.2011.01252.x
DI GIULIO, G. M.; FERREIRA, L. D. C. Governança do risco: uma proposta para lidar com riscos ambientais no nível local. Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente, [s. l.], v. 28, n. VI, p. 29–39, 2013. Disponível em: http://revistas.ufpr.br/made/article/view/30171.
DORIA, C. R. da C. et al. The invisibility of fisheries in the process of hydropower development across the Amazon. Ambio, [s. l.], v. 47, n. 4, p. 453–465, 2018. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-017-0994-7.
ELKINGTON, J. Enter the triple bottom line. In: HENRIQUES, A.; RICHARDSON, J. (Eds.). The Triple Bottom Line: Does it All Add Up. Londres: Routledge, 2013. p. 1–16.
FREEMAN, C. P. Dam diplomacy? China’s new neighbourhood policy and Chinese dam-building companies. Water International, [s. l.], v. 42, n. 2, p. 187–206, 2017. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2017.1276040.
GUIMARÃES, N. A.; MARTIN, S. Competitividade e desenvolvimento: atores e instituições locais. São Paulo: Ed. Senac, 2001.
HAI, L. T.; GOBIN, A.; HENS, L. Select indicators and prioritize solutions for desertification and drought in Binh Thuan, Vietnam. Chinese Journal of Population Resources and Environment, [s. l.], v. 14, n. 2, p. 123–132, 2016. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10042857.2016.1177315.
HILL, C. et al. Lessons learnt from gender impact assessments of hydropower projects in Laos and Vietnam. Gender & Development, [s. l.], v. 25, n. 3, p. 455–470, 2017. Disponível em: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13552074.2017.1379777.
HOHENSINNER, S.; JUNGWIRTH, M.; MUHAR, S.; HABERSACK, H. Historical
analyses: A foundation for developing and evaluating river‐type specific restoration programs. International Journal of River Basin Management, vol. 3, no. 2, p. 87–96, Jun. 2005. DOI 10.1080/15715124.2005.9635248.
HOLAHAN, R.; LUBELL, M.; Collective action theory. Handbook on Theories of Governance. [S. l.]: Edward Elgar Publishing, [s. d.]. p. 21–31. 2016. DOI 10.4337/9781782548508.00010.
INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY. Nuclear Power Reactors in the World: 2018 edition. Viena: IAEA, 2018. Disponível em: https://www.iaea.org/publications/13379/nuclear-power-reactors-in-the-world.
INTERNATIONAL RISK GOVERNANCE COUNCIL (IRGC). Risk Governance
Framework. 2012. Available at: https://irgc.org/risk-governance/irgc-risk-governance- framework/.
JASANOFF, S.; MARTELLO, M. L.; EARTHLY POLITICS: LOCAL AND GLOBAL IN
ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE. Choice Reviews Online, vol. 42, no. 09, p. 42- 5511-42–5511, 1 May 2004. DOI 10.5860/CHOICE.42-5511.
JUMANI, S.; RAO, S.; MACHADO, S.; PRAKASH, A. Big concerns with small projects: Evaluating the socio-ecological impacts of small hydropower projects in India. Ambio, vol. 46, no. 4, p. 500–511, 10 May 2017. DOI 10.1007/s13280-016-
0855-9.
KIM, K.; PARK, H.; KIM, H. Real options analysis for renewable energy investment decisions in developing countries. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 75, p. 918–926, Aug. 2017. DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.073.
KOIRALA, S.; HILL, D.; MORGAN, R. Impacts of the delay in construction of a large scale hydropower project on potential displacees. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, [s. l.], v. 35, n. 1, p. 106–116, 2017. Disponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14615517.2016.1271540.
KURDOGLU, O. Expert-based evaluation of the impacts of hydropower plant construction on natural systems in Turkey. Energy & Environment, [s. l.], v. 27, n. 6–7, p. 690–703, 2016. Disponível em: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0958305X16667186.
LOUZADA, A. F.; RAVENA, N. Dam safety and risk governance for hydroelectric power plants in the Amazon. Journal of Risk Research, [s. l.], v. 22, n. 12, p. 1571–1585, 2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2018.1501595.
LUU, C.; VON MEDING, J.; KANJANABOOTRA, S. Balancing costs and benefits in Vietnam’s hydropower industry: a strategic proposal. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, [s. l.], v. 8, n. 1, p. 27–39, 2017. Disponível em: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJDRBE-05- 2016-0018/full/html.
NALEPA, R. A.; SHORT GIANOTTI, A. G.; BAUER, D. M. Marginal land and the
global land rush: A spatial exploration of contested lands and state-directed development in contemporary Ethiopia. Geoforum, vol. 82, p. 237–251, Jun. 2017. DOI 10.1016/j.geoforum.2016.10.008.
PIAIA, T. C.; CERVI, J. R. Belo Monte, its dystopia, and the (in) social and environmental sustainability of brazilian energy planning. Veredas do Direito: Direito Ambiental e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, [s. l.], v. 14, n. 30, p. 169–186, 2017. Disponível em: revista.domhelder.edu.br/index.php/veredas%0D.
REN21. Renewables 2019 Global Status Report. REN21 Secretariat; Paris, França, 2019. Disponível em: https://www.ren21.net/reports/global-status-report/.
RENN, O. Risk governance: Coping with uncertainty in a complex world. [S. l.: s. n.], 2008. DOI 10.4324/9781849772440.
RENN, O. Systemic Risks: The New Kid on the Block. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, [s. l.], v. 58, n. 2, p. 26–36, 2016. Disponível em: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00139157.2016.1134019.
RENN, O.; WALKER, K. D. (Eds.). Global Risk Governance. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. vol. 1, (International Risk Governance Council Bookseries). DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-6799-0.
RHODES, R. A. W. The New Governance: Governing without Government. Political Studies, vol. 44, no. 4, p. 652–667, 29 Sep. 1996. DOI 10.1111/j.1467- 9248.1996.tb01747.x.
ROUSSEAU, J.-F. Does carbon finance make a sustainable difference? Hydropower expansion and livelihood trade-offs in the Red River valley, Yunnan Province, China. Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, vol. 38, no. 1, p. 90–107, Jan. 2017. DOI 10.1111/sjtg.12176.
SICILIANO, G.; URBAN, F. Equity-based Natural Resource Allocation for Infrastructure Development: Evidence From Large Hydropower Dams in Africa and Asia. Ecological Economics, [s. l.], v. 134, p. 130–139, 2017. Disponível em: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S092180091630372X.
THORPE, R.; HOLT, R.; MACPHERSON, A.; PITTAWAY, L. Using knowledge within small and medium-sized firms: A systematic review of the evidence. International Journal of Management Reviews, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 257–281, Dec. 2005. DOI 10.1111/j.1468-2370.2005.00116.x.
VAN ASSELT, M.; O. RENN. 2011. Risk Governance. Journal of Risk Research 14 (4): 431–449. DOI 10.1080/13669877.2011.553730.
VIEIRA, J. B.; BARRETO, R. T. S. Governança, gestão de riscos e integridade. Brasília: Enap, 2019. Disponível em: https://repositorio.enap.gov.br/bitstream/1/4281/1/5_Livro_Governança Gestão de Riscos e Integridade.pdf
Publicado
10/02/2021
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DAVID, R. V.; SIQUEIRA, P. M. .; PAES-DE-SOUZA, M. .; RODRIGUEZ, T. D. M. .; COSTA, M. C. A. da; SILVA, G. G. da . Governança do risco e preservação ambiental em construções de usinas hidrelétricas. P2P E INOVAÇÃO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, v. 7, n. 1, p. 77–100, 2021. DOI: 10.21721/p2p.2021v7n1.p77-100. Disponível em: https://revista.ibict.br/p2p/article/view/5574. Acesso em: 20 abr. 2024.
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