Retratações e citações pós-retratação na infodemia de COVID-19: a Academia está espalhando desinformação?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18617/liinc.v17i1.5593Palavras-chave:
Retracted articles, Retracted preprints, COVID-19, Misinformation, Infodemic, Post-retraction citationsResumo
A velocidade da produção de informações e a pressa em publicar artigos científicos sobre a COVID-19 em diversas áreas do conhecimento resultaram no que se denomina infodemia também no campo científico, potencialmente produzindo informações imprecisas e fontes de desinformação na comunicação científica. Isso fez com que alguns artigos fossem retratados ou despublicados devido a erros não intencionais ou má conduta deliberada, mas eles continuam sendo citados. Este artigo (i) oferece uma visão geral dos artigos e preprints retratados no âmbito da pesquisa sobre COVID-19 e (ii) analisa um conjunto de citações pós-retratação no contexto da infodemia da COVID-19. Foram analisados 56 artigos e preprints retratados utilizando a lista disponível na seção “artigos sobre coronavírus retratados (COVID-19)” na página Retraction Watch (RW). Encontrou-se que 64,3% dessas retratações se referem a artigos publicados em periódicos, 33,9% foram carregadas em servidores de preprints e 1,8% artigos de conferência. Também foram analisados 162 artigos elegíveis dos 612 registros identificados usando o mecanismo de busca do Google Scholar. A pesquisa constatou que um artigo do The Lancet continuou a ser citado mesmo após a retratação. Nesse caso, foram identificadas 214 citações pós-retratação, sendo 38% negativas (n= 81), 32% neutras (n= 69) e 30% positivas (n= 64)
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