Data, shapes, colors and information

a study on construction and analysis in infographics

Abstract

We reflect on the importance of infographics and information visualization, key issues for information design. Infographics are types of complex graphic representation that facilitate understanding the content; these representations are being increasingly used in various information environments. We present a conceptual and historical survey of computer graphics, identifying the actors involved in infographic production. Presented here is the theory of Engelhardt's graphic syntax, in order to provide tools to identify the mechanisms in graphic representations in general. This was the method chosen for the case study proposed in this research. In the analysis, we found the proper use of graphic objects in the graphical part evaluated as a whole, starting with the choice of typography that focuses on readability and also the choice of colors used. We were able to identify all the basic structures of syntax of the method used, relations between objects were used properly (grouping, separation, alignment, bonding, containment and overlap) as well as the appropriate use of significant space on the page to distribute content, producing a unity in the piece while creating a hierarchy of information from variations in the typographical visual attributes and the pictorial representations used. Furthermore, as regards the meaning of the graphic objects, we identified a predominant use of reference information and few decorative objects, making it more functional for the choice of objects that are essential in the production of knowledge by the reader.