Digital Sovereignty Index

the case of Brazil

Authors

  • Sergio Amadeu da Silveira Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Políticas Públicas. Santo André, SP, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1029-9133
  • Jeff Xiong East China Normal University, Institute of International Communication Shanghai, China.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18617/liinc.v21i1.7451

Keywords:

digital autonomy, Digital Governance, digital security, digital sovereignty index, technological independence

Abstract

The text addresses the concept of digital sovereignty, defining it as the ability of a society and a state to control and govern essential technologies for self-determination, rights protection, inventiveness, and development. It introduces the Digital Sovereignty Index, a system designed to measure a country's independence across four main domains: data, digital infrastructure, digital governance, and digital capacity. The text advocates for technological coordination with national strategies and increased investment in the digital sector, drawing comparisons to the successful cases of China and the United States. The conclusion highlights Brazil's fragility in achieving digital sovereignty and suggests cooperation with other nations, such as China, as a strategy to reduce technological dependence.

Author Biography

  • Sergio Amadeu da Silveira, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Políticas Públicas. Santo André, SP, Brasil.
    Doutor em ciência política pela Universidade de São Paulo (USP) – São Paulo, SP –Brasil. Professor adjunto da Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) – Santo André - SP – Brasil.

References

ABES (2024). Mercado brasileiro de software: panorama e tendências, 2023. 1ª. ed. - São Paulo: ABES - Associação Brasileira das Empresas de Software, 2024.

ANBIMA (2023). O novo cenário das fintechs em 2024, de olho nos mercados B2B. Acesso: 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://www.anbima.com.br/es_es/institucional/publicacoes/o-novo-cenario-das-fintechs-em-2024-de-olho-nos-mercados-b2b.htm

BAKER MCKENZIE. Global Data Privacy and Cybersecurity Handbook - Brazil. Acesso 10/12/2024 Disponível: https://resourcehub.bakermckenzie.com/en/resources/global-data-privacy-and-cybersecurity-handbook/latin-america/brazil/topics/data-localizationresidency

BENSON, Todd (2005). Brazil: Free Software's Biggest and Best Friend. The New York Times, March 29, 2005. Acesso 10/12/2004 Disponível: https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/29/technology/brazil-free-softwares-biggest-and-best-friend.html

BID (2022). Fintech na América Latina e no Caribe: um ecossistema consolidado para a recuperação. Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento, 2022. Acesso: 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://publications.iadb.org/pt/fintech-na-america-latina-e-no-caribe-um-ecossistema-consolidado-para-recuperaco

BNAMERICAS (2021). Spotlight: Who leads Brazil’s cloud market and in which verticals? Published: Friday, November 26, 2021. Acesso: 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://www.bnamericas.com/en/features/spotlight-who-leads-brazils-cloud-market-and-in-which-verticals

CETIC (2023). TIC Empresas 2023. Acesso: 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://cetic.br/pt/pesquisa/empresas/indicadores/

CRUZ, Leonardo Ribeiro da; SARAIVA, Filipe de Oliveira; AMIEL, Tel.(2019). Coletando dados sobre o Capitalismo de Vigilância nas instituições públicas do ensino superior do Brasil. LAVITS: 2019. Acesso: 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://lavits.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Cruz_Saraiva_Amiel-2019-LAVITS-1.pdf

DEVANNY, Joe; BUCHAN, Russel (2023). Brazil’s Cyber Strategy Under Lula: Not a Priority, but Progress Is Possible. Carnegie Endowment For International Peace. Published on August 8, 2023. Acesso 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2023/08/brazils-cyber-strategy-under-lula-not-a-priority-but-progress-is-possible?lang=en

GLOBAL DATA (2024). Brazil ICT Market Size and Forecast (by IT Solution Area, Size Band and Vertical) to 2028. Published: July 19, 2024. Acesso: 10/12/2024 Disponível: https://www.globaldata.com/store/report/brazil-ict-market-analysis/

LABRUNIE, Mateus (2024). Brazil’s new industrial policy plan: three sources of optimism and three words of caution. Cambridge Industrial Innovation Policy. Published on March 4th 2024. Acesso 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://www.ciip.group.cam.ac.uk/reports-and-articles/brazil-new-industrial-policy-plan/

LAPEDUS, Mark (2021). Brazil paves new semiconductor path. Semiconductor Engineering. February 22, 2021. Acesso: 10/12/2024 Disponível: https://semiengineering.com/brazil-paves-new-semiconductor-path/

MARQUES, Ivan da Costa (2000). Reserva de mercado: um mal entendido caso político-tecnológico de sucesso democrático e fracasso autoritário. Revista de Economia, v. 24, 2000.

MARTINS, Laís (2024). Elon Musk não desafia apenas o STF – mas a soberania nacional. Intercept Brasil, 30 de ago de 2024. Acesso: 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://www.intercept.com.br/2024/08/30/elon-musk-desafia-soberania-nacional/

MILLER, Claire Cain (2014). Google pushes back against data localization. The New Yourk Times. January, 24, 2014. Acesso 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://archive.nytimes.com/bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/01/24/google-pushes-back-against-data-localization/

MORDOR Intelligence (2024). Brazil Servers Market Size & Share Analysis - Growth Trends & Forecasts (2025 - 2030) Acesso 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/brazil-servers-market

MOREIRA, Daniela (2006). Insigne fornece Linux para 55 mil PCs populares. IDG Now! 15 de fevereiro de 2006. Acesso via WayBackMachine em 10/12/2024. Disponível: https://web.archive.org/web/20110706155606/http://www.computadorparatodos.gov.br/noticias/20060216_01

NEAHER, Giulia; BRAY, David; MUELLER-KALER, Julian; SCHTZ, Benjamin (2021). Standardizing the future: How can the United States navigate the geopolitics of international technology standards? Report Atlantic Council, October 14, 2021.

OECD (2020), Going Digital in Brazil, OECD Reviews of Digital Transformation, OECD Publishing, Paris,2020. https://doi.org/10.1787/e9bf7f8a-en.

OLISS, Brendan; McFAUL, Cole; RIDDICK, Jaret (2023). The Global Distribution of STEM Graduates: Which Countries Lead the Way? The Center for Security and Emerging Technology, November 27, 2023. Acesso: 15/12/2024 Disponível: https://cset.georgetown.edu/article/the-global-distribution-of-stem-graduates-which-countries-lead-the-way/

ONETRUST DATAGUIDANCE; Baptista Luz Advogados (2024). Comparing privacy laws: GDPR v. LGPD. Acesso 15/12/2024 Disponível: https://www.dataguidance.com/sites/default/files/gdpr_v_lgpd_revised_edition.pdf#page=2.31

POP, Cristina (2024). LGPD vs. GDPR: The Biggest Differences. EndPoint Protector. January 19, 2024. Acesso 15/12/2024 Disponível: https://www.endpointprotector.com/blog/lgpd-vs-gdpr-the-biggest-differences/

SCHMOCH, Ulrich (2008). Concept of a Technology Classification for Country Comparisons. Final Report to the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), June 2008.

SENADO FEDERAL (2024). Senado aprova regulamentação da inteligência artificial; texto vai à Câmara. Agência Senado, 10/12/2024. https://www12.senado.leg.br/noticias/materias/2024/12/10/senado-aprova-regulamentacao-da-inteligencia-artificial-texto-vai-a-camara

SILVA, Sivaldo Pereira (2009). TV digital, democracia e interatividade. Colóquio Internacional TV e Realidade. UFBA, 2009, pg 14. Acesso: 12/01/2025 Disponível: https://tverealidade.facom.ufba.br/coloquio%20textos/Sivaldo%20Pereira.pdf

SILVEIRA, Sérgio Amadeu (2021). A hipótese do colonialismo de dados e o neoliberalismo. In: Sérgio Amadeu da Silveira; Joyce Souza; João Francisco Cassino. (Org.). Colonialismo digital: como opera a fronteira algorítmica na guerra neoliberal. 1ed.São Paulo: Autonomia Literária, 2021, v. 1, p. 33-52.

SMITH, David (2023). What’s really changed 10 years after the Snowden revelations? The Guardian, Wed 7 Jun 2023. Acesso: 10/01/2025 Disponível: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/jun/07/edward-snowden-10-years-surveillance-revelations

XINHUA, Zhao et al (2024). 企业出海——海外数据合规概览(巴西篇)- 前沿观察 2024/05/14. Acesso: 12/12/2024 Disponível: https://www.kwm.com/cn/zh/insights/latest-thinking/overseas-data-compliance-overview-brazil.html

WESTRUP, Ana Carolina (2021). Lei geral de proteção de dados em vigor, ANPD militarizada. LE MONDE DIPLOMATIQUE, 3 de maio de 2021. Acesso 10/12/2024. Disponível: https://diplomatique.org.br/lei-geral-de-protecao-de-dados-em-vigor-anpd-militarizada/

Published

14/07/2025

Issue

Section

Segurança Cibernética - Integridade da Informação e Soberania Nacional: os casos do Brasil e da China

How to Cite

SILVEIRA, Sergio Amadeu da; XIONG, Jeff. Digital Sovereignty Index: the case of Brazil. Liinc em Revista, [S. l.], v. 21, n. 1, p. e7451, 2025. DOI: 10.18617/liinc.v21i1.7451. Disponível em: https://revista.ibict.br/liinc/article/view/7451. Acesso em: 27 jul. 2025.