The article presents results from an ongoing research study whose general objective is to characterize the current data center sector in Brazil. The specific objectives are: (i) to identify the companies operating in the data center sector in Brazil; (ii) to determine the origin of the capital of the identified companies; and (iii) to map the distribution of data centers among the companies that comprise this sector in Brazil. The investigation is justified by the fact that data centers are increasingly becoming key elements of the infrastructure required to establish three types of national sovereignty: technological, digital, and data sovereignty. The research combines document analysis of government studies (ABDI and ANATEL) and secondary data from the Ministry of Labor and Employment. Additionally, the investigation employs the online tool Data Center Map to map the distribution and control of data centers. The results reveal that 69% of data centers in Brazil are controlled by 16 companies, 14 of which are multinationals, highlighting a profound dependence on external service providers and on imported technological components. This dependence underscores the need for public policies that promote technological autonomy, the creation of national data centers, and sector regulation, aiming to strengthen Brazil’s digital sovereignty.