What are they, what do they sell, and how can Big Tech companies “made in the USA” affect the world?

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18617/liinc.v21i1.7783

Keywords:

Big Techs, Gamam, Internet, USA, World

Abstract

The objectives of this article are: to demonstrate what they are, what they sell, and how Big Tech companies “made in the USA” can affect the world and individual daily life; to present how these companies were born as startups in the virtual world “invented” by US government investments; from there, indicate the digital products that Big Tech companies have created, which have shaped the knowledge society and how we live today; and understand the potential that these companies, grouped under the acronym GAMAM, have to affect global dynamics. The methodology is exploratory in nature with a qualitative approach, based on transdisciplinary theoretical knowledge of Information Science and International Relations. The results obtained were: 1) to articulate concepts of Information Science and International Relations, mainly on the political economy of information and the sovereign action of states in the world to; 2) demonstrate how they can be used to analyze the role of Big Tech companies and their oriented technologies; 3) to exercise algorithmic governance. We concluded that the subject is too relevant to be ignored by Brazilian academia; transdisciplinary studies are needed on rich countries and their companies that have mastered the art of algorithmic governance; and, unfortunately, Brazil is a decade behind in this task. 

Author Biographies

  • Marcelo Fernandes de Oliveira, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências. Marília, SP, Brasil.

    Marcelo Fernandes de Oliveira is a Tenured Professor at UNESP – Marília Campus – in the Department of Political and Economic Sciences.

    He works in the Graduate Program in Information Science, within the research area of Information Management, Mediation, and Use. He is the leader of the GEPRI – Public Management and International Relations research group – certified by CNPQ, CEO (Chief Executive Officer) of IGEPRI – Institute of Public Management and International Relations – and a researcher at IPPMar – Institute of Public Policy of Marília. He is editor-in-chief of the scientific journal Brazilian Journal of International Relations. He maintains an opinion column in newspapers and magazines and acts as publisher of the Observatory of Public Management. He has published several books and articles in Brazil and in international scientific journals. He serves as an advisor and consultant for science funding agencies, including FAPESP, CNPQ, and CAPES. He has experience in the financial market, public administration, and consulting in government and international procurement.

  • Daniel Strunk Costa, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências. Marília, SP, Brasil.

    Bacharel em Relações Internacionais

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Published

04/02/2026

Issue

Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): Multilateralism and International Cooperation in Addressing the Ethical Dilemmas of Data Capitalism: Perspectives and Outcomes

Section

Multilateralismo e cooperação internacional para o enfrentamento dos dilemas éticos do capitalismo de dados: perspectivas e resultados.

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Copyright (c) 2025 Marcelo Fernandes de Oliveira, Daniel

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