Climate information regimes

governance, asymmetry and justice with the Amazon

Abstract

This article proposes the concept of Climate Information Regime (CIR) as an interdisciplinary analytical category bridging Information Science and International Environmental Law. The central hypothesis is that global climate agreements, particularly the instruments negotiated under the UNFCCC, notably the Paris Agreement, whose most recent outcomes were negotiated at COP30, held in Belém in November 2025, constitute not only legal regimes but also information regimes that define what is recognized as legitimate climate information, who holds authority to produce and validate it, and whose interests it serves. The theoretical foundations of information regimes, drawn from Frohmann and González de Gómez, are mobilized and applied critically to the informational architecture of international climate governance. A qualitative theoretical-documentary approach is adopted, combining integrative theoretical review with analysis of selected international normative instruments. As a result, three constitutive dimensions of the CIR are proposed: normative, epistemic, and geopolitical. It is demonstrated that the structural informational asymmetries of climate governance reproduce and deepen inequalities between central and peripheral countries, with particular impact on Amazonian territories and indigenous peoples. It is concluded that just climate governance requires a redistribution of the informational power embedded in international agreements themselves.