Humanidades digitais do sul e GAFAM. Para uma geopolítica do conhecimento digital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18617/liinc.v15i1.4730Palavras-chave:
Colonialismo Digital, Diversidade Cultural, Geopolítica de Internet, HD e Sul Global, Hegemonias DigitaisResumo
Google, Amazon, Facebook e Microsoft (GAFAM) representam o maior império financeiro do planeta e aproveitando-se da arquitetura aberta e global da world wide web assumiram o controle das tecnologias que direcionam nosso consumo, evidenciando novos tempos e maneiras na produção e o acesso ao conhecimento digital. As Humanidades Digitais do Sul não podem ignorar por mais tempo a existência deste dispositivo e seus efeitos sobre a diversidade cultural e epistêmica. Se as HD nasceram com o objetivo de realizar e, em alguns casos inclusive de guiar a transformação digital dos saberes humanístico-sociais, torna-se evidente a necessidade de encarar a geopolítica dos sistemas de comunicações globais, as ambições neocoloniais das multinacionais tecnológicas o roubo dos dados, a nova matéria prima proporcionada pela população dos países emergentes. O domínio da GAFAM se baseia em um ecossistema de dispositivos, aplicações e meios que se por um lado favorecem a ideia de uma comunidade reunida em torno de uma experiência do mundo ditada pelos algoritmos, por outro conquistam cada espaço da vida privada dos indivíduos, valor este agregado à riqueza das multinacionais das redes. Pode existir, neste cenário, uma narrativa alternativa ao domínio retórico “da revolução digital” desenhada como um império privado e monocultural? Na realidade, sobretudo nas margens do Sul Global, estamos assistindo à consolidação de iniciativas e projetos em cujo centro opera a reapropriação das tecnologias em defesa da diversidade dos territórios, das línguas e das culturas locais. Uma resposta possível das HD do Sul à pedagogia global da GAFAM passa, portanto, por ações urgentes: uma formação crítica digital e a reavaliação das margens como força motriz de inovação e mudança.
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