Um estudo sobre Google
questões para uma leitura micropolítica das tecnologias da informação
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18617/liinc.v1i2.192Keywords:
Search engines; Socio-technical networks; Technique and language; Governmentality; MarketAbstract
Este artigo descreve um motor de busca, não como ferramenta informacional, mas como dispositivo socio-técnico. Para mapear o meio no qual esse dispositivo toma forma, analisamos um artigo científico sobre o Google e a patente onde o método conhecido como “PageRank.
References
AKRICH, M. The de-scription of technical objects. In: BIJKER, W. E., LAW, John (Ed.) Shaping technology / building society: studies in sociotechnical change. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1992.
ARAYA DUJISIN, R. El factor sociotecnológico. Nueva Sociedad, Caracas, v. 117, p. 154-160, ene./feb. 2002.
BARRY, A.; OSBORNE, T.; ROSE, N. (Ed.) Foucault and political reason: liberalism, neoliberalism and rationalities of government. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1996.
BECK, U.; BONSS, W.; LAU, C. The theory of reflexive modernization: problematic, hypotheses and research programme. Theory, Culture & Society, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, v. 20, n. 2, p.1-33, Apr. 2003.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY. Lawrence Page. Method for node ranking in a linked database. Int CI G06F 017/30, Jan. 9, 1998. Disponível: <http://www.uspto.gov/patft/>. Acesso em: 14 fev. 2005.
BRUNO, C. The Google adwords happening. Disponível em: < http://www.iterature.com/adwords/ >. Acesso em: 6 jul. 2004.
CALLON, M.. El proceso de construcción de la sociedad: el estudio de la tecnología como herramienta para el análisis sociológico. In: DOMÉNECH, Miguel; TIRADO, Francisco J. (Ed.) Sociologia simétrica. Barcelona: Gedisa, 1998. p. 143-170.
CENDON, B. V. Ferramentas de busca na web. Ciência da Informação, Brasília: Instituto Brasileiro de Ciência e Tecnologia, v. 30, n. 1, p. 39-49, jan./abr. 2001. Disponível em: <http://www.scielo.br/>. Acesso em: 22 mar. 2005.
DELEUZE, G. Foucault. Buenos Aires: Paidós, 2003.
______. Post-criptum sobre as sociedades de controle. In: ______. Conversações. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. 34, 1990.
DELEUZE, G; GUATTARI, F. Mil platôs: capitalismo e esquizofrenia. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. 34, 1997-1999.
FERREIRA, P. Máquinas sociais: o filo maquínico e a sociologia da tecnologia. In: ARTE, TECNOCIÊNCIA E POLÍTICA, 2004, Campinas. Anais eletrônicos... Campinas: IFCH/ Unicamp, 2004. Disponível em: < http://www.ifch.unicamp.br/cteme>. Acesso em: 1 fev. 2005.
FOUCAULT, M. La gubernamentalidad. In: ______. Estética, ética y hermenéutica. Barcelona: Paidós, 1999. p. 175-197. (Obras Esenciales, 3). Quarta aula do curso do Collège de France, 1977-1978: Segurança, território e população.
______. Vigilar y castigar: el nacimiento de la prisión. México: Siglo Veintiuno, 1987.
FRANÇA CONTRA-ATACA projeto do Google. Observatório da Imprensa, São Paulo, ano 11, n. 322, 29 mar. 2005. Disponível em: <http://observatorio.ultimosegundo.ig.com.br/artigos.asp?cod=322ENO003>. Acesso em: jun. 2005.
FRANÇA PROTESTA contra biblioteca do Google. O Estado de S. Paulo, São Paulo, 19 fev. 2005.
GLASNER, Joanna. More reasons to love Google. Wired News, New York: CondéNet, Apr. 29, 2004. Disponível em: <http://www.wired.com/news/business/0,1367,63286,00.html>. Acesso em: 20 mar. 2005.
GOOGLE INC. Google fun facts. Disponível em: <http://www.google.com/press/ funfacts.html>. Acesso em: 20 mar. 2005.
HUTCHBY, I. Technologies, texts and affordances. Sociology, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, v. 35, n. 2, p. 441-456, May 2001.
KASPER, C. P. Aspectos do desvio de função. In: ARTE, TECNOCIÊNCIA E POLÍTICA, 2004, Campinas. Anais eletrônicos... Campinas: IFCH/Unicamp, 2004. Disponível em: < http://www.ifch.unicamp.br/cteme>. Acesso em: 1 fev. 2005.
LATOUR, B. Aramis, or the love of technology. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996.
______. Ciência em ação: como seguir cientistas e engenheiros sociedade afora. São Paulo: Ed. Unesp, 2000.
______. Is re-modernization ocurring – and if so, how to prove it?: a commentary on Ulrich Beck. Theory, Culture & Society, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, v. 20, n. 2, p. 35-57, Apr. 2003.
______. Jamais fomos modernos: ensaio de antropologia simétrica. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. 34, 1994.
______. La science en action. Paris: Éditions la Découverte, 1989.
______. The powers of association. In: LAW, John (Ed.). Power, action and belief: a new sociology of knowledge?. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1996. p. 264-280.
______. When things strike back: a possible contribution of “science studies” to the social sciences. The British Journal Of Sociology, London: Blackwell Publishing, v. 51, n. 1, p. 107- 123, Jan./Mar. 2000.
LAW, J. (Ed.). Power, action and belief: a new sociology of knowledge? London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1996, p. 1-19.
LAW, J. Networks, relations, cyborgs: on the social study of technology. London: 2000. On-line paper. Disponível em: <http://www.comp.lancs.ac.uk/sociology/soc042jl.html>. Acesso em: 10 ago 2003.
MACKENZIE, A. Open source software: when is a tool? What is a commodity? Science As Culture, London: Routledge, v. 10, n. 4, p. 541-552, Dec. 2001.
______. The potential of the attractor: non-metaphorical transport between sciences and social theory. Jan. 2004. Paper on-line disponível em: <http://www.lancs.ac.uk/staff/mackenza/papers/non-metaphorical-complexity.pdf>. Acesso em: 20 jul. 2004.
______. Transductions: bodies and machines at speed. London: Continuum, 2002.
MANOVICH, L. Database as a genre of new media. Ai & Society, London: Springer, v. 14, n. 2, p. 176-183, June 2000.
OLSEN, Florence. GAO finds widespread fed data mining. Federal Computer Week, Falls Church, VA: FCW Media Group, May 28, 2004a. Disponível em: < http://www.fcw.com/article83039-05-28-04-Web>. Acesso em: jul. 2005.
______. Where oh where does all the data go? Federal Computer Week, Falls Church, VA: FCW Media Group, v. 18, n. 22, p. 40, May 7, 2004b. Disponível em: < http://www.fcw.com/fcw/articles/2004/0705/pol-gao-07-05-04.asp>. Acesso em: jul. 2005.
PAGE, L.; BRIN, S. The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual web search engine. Computer Networks And ISDN Systems, [S.l.]: Elsevier, v. 30, n. 1-7, 1998a. Disponível em: < http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697552>. Acesso em: 1 fev. 2005. Texto integrante dos anais da 7ª International World Wide Web Conference (WWW7), em Brisbane, 1998.
PAGE, L.; BRIN, S. The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual web search engine. Stanford: Computer Science Department/Stanford University, 1998b. Disponível em:<http://wwwdb.stanford.edu/~backrub/google.html>. Acesso em: 1 fev. 2005.
POSTER, Mark. The mode of information: poststructuralism and social context. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1990.
PRIVACY RIGHTS CLEARINGHOUSE et al. Thirty-one privacy and civil libertiesorganizations urge Google to suspend Gmail: an open letter to Google regarding its proposed Gmail service. San Diego, 2004. Disponível em: <http://www.privacyrights.org/index.htm>. Acesso em: 10 mar. 2005.
ROBOTSTXT.ORG. The web robot pages. Disponível em: <http://www.robotstxt.org/wc/robots.html>. Acesso em: ago. 2005.
SANTOS, L. Garcia dos. Politizar as novas tecnologias: o impacto sóciotécnico da informação digital e genética. São Paulo: Editora 34, 2003.
SASSEN, S. The global city: New York, London, Tokyo. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1991.
SIMONDON, G. Du mode de existence des objets techniques. Paris: Aubier-Montaigne, 1969.
STRATHERN, M. Cutting the network. Journal of The Royal Anthropological Institute, London: Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland v. 2, n. 3, p. 517-535, Sept. 1996.
______. The relation: issues in complexity and scale. Cambridge: Prickly Pear Press, 1995.
TERDIMAN, Daniel. Lawsuit: Google stole Orkut code. Wired News, New York: CondéNet, Jun. 30, 2004. Disponível em: <http://www.wired.com/news/business/0,1367,64046,00.html>. Acesso em: jul. 2005.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Securities and Exchange Comission. Registration Statement of Google Inc.: form S-1 under the Securities Act. Washington, DC: SEC, 2004. Disponível em: <http://www.sec.gov/>. Acesso em: 22 fev. 2005.
WIKIPEDIA. Google. Disponível em:<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/google>. Acesso em: Acesso em: 10 mar. 2005. (a)
______. User agent. Disponível em: <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/user_agent>. Acesso em: ago. 2005. (b)
ZETTER, Kim. GAO: fed data mining extensive. Wired News, New York: CondéNet, May 27, 2004. Disponível em: <http://www.wired.com/news/privacy/0,1848,63623,00.html>. Acesso em: ago. 2005.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Cecilia Diaz-Isenrath
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant Liinc em Revista the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors have permission and are encouraged to deposit their manuscripts and versios of record (VoR) in their personal web pages or institutional repositories, generic repositories etc., before (pre-print) or after (post-print) the publication in Liinc em Revista, according to its open access depositing policy registered in the Directory of Editorial Policies of Brazilian Journals (DIADORIM), kindly providing a link to the article published on Liinc's website.
Liinc em Revista, published by Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License – CC BY 4.0 
