Given the fact that the notion of Anthropocene deals with the effects of human action on climate and the effects of climate on life conditions on Earth, the article tackles the main axis of discussion of sociological dimensions of climate changes from the perspective of four subdisciplines: the sociology of social problems, the sociology of science, the sociology of controversies and the sociology of action. The author interrogates the meaning and place of the “social” in the studies currently elaborated by demand from international institutions involved with the treatment of climate changes in contrast with the richness of possibilities explored by sociological debate independent from governing bureaucratic requests