The role of universities in the search for innovation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18617/Keywords:
University, Innovation ecosystem, Innovation, Triple Helix, Case studiesAbstract
The role of universities in promoting innovation is an important initiative that enables them to fulfill their third mission. Innovation has become essential for competitiveness in a dynamic business environment, in addition to helping universities stand out. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate what universities have done to foster innovation, whether alone or with the participation of other actors, in the environments in which they operate. The research, conducted through a literature review, analyzed relevant case studies and theoretical concepts related to innovation, innovation ecosystems, and universities. The results indicate that universities that adopt a proactive stance, strengthening partnerships with companies, governments, and research centers, and participate in more robust and competitive innovation ecosystems. Examples such as IIT Madras, the KIWANGO Leather Cluster, and the JITRI model in China demonstrate the importance of collaboration and strengthening institutional relationships for the development of innovative technologies and products. In addition, the research highlights the relevance of entrepreneurial capabilities and the development of qualified human capital, as well as the adoption of a culture of innovation. Government action is also essential, by creating favorable conditions and offering financial and political support to university initiatives. It is concluded that strengthening institutional capacities, expanding strategic partnerships and institutional support are essential for universities to play a central role in building innovation ecosystems, driving social, economic and technological development.
References
AKOIJAM, A.S. e KRISHNA, V.V., 2017. Exploring the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM): Impact on innovation ecosystem in India. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development. 2017. vol. 9, no. 5, p. 573–585. DOI 10.1080/20421338.2017.1359466.
AL HAKIM, S., SENSUSE, D.I. e LESTARI, P.I., 2022. The Indonesia Triple Helix Digital Platform Model in Knowledge Sharing for Product Innovation Collaboration. DESIDOC Journal of Library and Information Technology. 2022. vol. 42, no. 3, p. 191–200. DOI 10.14429/djlit.42.3.17796.
ARSANTI, T.A., RUPIDARA, N. e BONDAROUK, T., 2024. Managing knowledge flows within open innovation: knowledge sharing and absorption mechanisms in collaborative innovation. Cogent Business and Management. 2024. vol. 11, no. 1. DOI 10.1080/23311975.2024.2351832.
AUDY, J., 2017. A inovação, o desenvolvimento e o papel da Universidade. Estudos Avancados. 2017. vol. 31, no. 90, p. 75–87. DOI 10.1590/s0103-40142017.3190005.
BALA SUBRAHMANYA, M.H. e KUMAR, G.A., 2024. Promoting Entrepreneurial Universities in India: A Case Study of IIT Madras. Journal of Technology Management and Innovation. 2024. vol. 19, no. 4, p. 113–126.
BANDERA, C. e THOMAS, E., 2019. The Role of Innovation Ecosystems and Social Capital in Startup Survival. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management. 2019. vol. 66, no. 4, p. 542–551. DOI 10.1109/TEM.2018.2859162.
BITTENCOURT, Bruno Anicet e FIGUEIRÓ, Paola Schmitt, 2019. A criação de valor compartilhado com base em um ecossistema de inovação. Cadernos EBAPE.BR [online]. Outubro 2019. vol. 17, p. 1002–1015. [Acesso em 21 abril 2025]. DOI https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395174403. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/j/cebape/a/DbYmxGh5SXdNnhyY4YRcmSK/?lang=pt
BRASIL, 2023. Controladoria-Geral da União. [online]. 2023. [Acesso em 2 maio 2025]. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/cgu/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/2023/12/cgu-avalia-papel-das-universidades-federais-no-ecossistema-nacional-de-inovacao
CHINA, Cecilia R. et al., 2024. Exploring innovation and collaboration in the leather processing industry through the case study of the KIWANGO Leather Cluster. Discover Applied Sciences [online]. 1 setembro 2024. vol. 6, no. 9, p. 1–12. [Acesso em 14 abril 2025]. DOI 10.1007/s42452-024-06037-3.
COSTA, J. e MATIAS, J.C.O., 2020. Open innovation 4.0 as an enhancer of sustainable innovation ecosystems. Sustainability (Switzerland). 2020. vol. 12, no. 19. DOI 10.3390/su12198112.
DAI, S. et al., 2024. Innovation Network Formation and the Catalyzing State: A Study of Two Innovative Industry Clusters in China. Journal of Contemporary China. 2024. vol. 33, no. 147, p. 373–391. DOI 10.1080/10670564.2023.2172554.
ETZKOWITZ, H., 2013. Anatomy of the entrepreneurial university. Social Science Information. 2013. vol. 52, no. 3, p. 486–511. DOI 10.1177/0539018413485832.
GONTAREVA, I. et al., 2022. IMPROVEMENT OF THE INNOVATIVE ECOSYSTEM AT UNIVERSITIES. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 2022. vol. 1, no. 13–115, p. 59–68. DOI 10.15587/1729-4061.2022.251799.
GUIMÓN, J. e SALAZAR-ELENA, J.C., 2015. Collaboration in Innovation Between Foreign Subsidiaries and Local Universities: Evidence from Spain. Industry and Innovation. 2015. vol. 22, no. 6, p. 445–466. DOI 10.1080/13662716.2015.1089034.
HEATON, S., SIEGEL, D.S. e TEECE, D.J., 2019. Universities and innovation ecosystems: A dynamic capabilities perspective. Industrial and Corporate Change. 2019. vol. 28, no. 4, p. 921–939. DOI 10.1093/icc/dtz038.
JONEK-KOWALSKA, I., 2021. Research institutes in poland as an element of the national innovation system—complexity, financing and effectiveness. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2021. vol. 7, no. 2. DOI 10.3390/joitmc7020162.
KÉZAI, Petra Kinga e SKALA, Agnieszka, 2024. Remarks on the location theories of startups: A case study on the Visegrad countries. Regional Science Policy & Practice [online]. 1 setembro 2024. vol. 16, no. 9, p. 100063. [Acesso em 14 abril 2025]. DOI 10.1016/j.rspp.2024.100063. Disponível em: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1757780224001884
LI, Y. e WU, L., 2024. Multi-group symbiotic evolutionary mechanisms of a digital innovation ecosystem: Numerical simulation and case study. PLoS ONE. 2024. vol. 19, no. 4 April. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0300218.
MA, L. et al., 2019. The Impact of Local Government Policy on Innovation Ecosystem in Knowledge Resource Scarce Region: Case Study of Changzhou, China. Science, Technology and Society. 2019. vol. 24, no. 1, p. 29–52. DOI 10.1177/0971721818806096.
MANISHIMWE, Theoneste, FRAZIER, DeWayne P. e YUSUF, Hassan, 2024. Frugal innovation and entrepreneurial university: a case study of African first development university in Africa. Discover Education [online]. 1 dezembro 2024. vol. 3, no. 1, p. 1–17. [Acesso em 14 abril 2025]. DOI 10.1007/s44217-024-00299-0.
OECD, 2018. Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4th Edition [online]. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. [Acesso em 18 novembro 2024]. Disponível em: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/oslo-manual-2018_9789264304604-en
PETRI, Bunyakiat e BRESLAU, Daniel, 2024. Triple Helix Relations in Local and International Scientific Collaborations: A Case Study of Thailand, the US and China. Journal of Scientometric Research [online]. 2 dezembro 2024. vol. 13, no. 3, p. 773–790. [Acesso em 14 abril 2025]. DOI 10.5530/jscires.20041151.
RUNIEWICZ-WARDYN, M., 2020. The role proximity plays in university-driven social networks. The case of the US and EU life-science clusters. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation. 2020. vol. 16, no. 3, p. 167–196. DOI 10.7341/20201636.
SHMELEVA, N. et al., 2021. Challenges and opportunities for technology transfer networks in the context of open innovation: Russian experience. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2021. vol. 7, no. 3. DOI 10.3390/joitmc7030197.
SHOU, S. e LI, Y., 2024. Exploring the collaborative innovation operational model of government-industry-education synergy: a case study of BYD in China. Asian Journal of Technology Innovation. 2024. DOI 10.1080/19761597.2024.2366883.
SHVETSOVA, O.A. e LEE, S.-K., 2021. Living labs in university-industry cooperation as a part of innovation ecosystem: Case study of south korea. Sustainability (Switzerland). 2021. vol. 13, no. 11. DOI 10.3390/su13115793.
TAXT, R.E. et al., 2022. The embedding of universities in innovation ecosystems: The case of marine research at the University of Bergen. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift. 2022. vol. 76, no. 1, p. 42–60. DOI 10.1080/00291951.2022.2041718.
TOGO, M. e GANDIDZANWA, C.P., 2021. The role of Education 5.0 in accelerating the implementation of SDGs and challenges encountered at the University of Zimbabwe. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education. 2021. vol. 22, no. 7, p. 1520–1535. DOI 10.1108/IJSHE-05-2020-0158.
VIEIRA, F.C., BONFIM, L.R.C. e CRUZ, A.C., 2022. The process of opening innovation networks: open innovation at Embrapa Florestas. Innovation and Management Review. 2022. vol. 19, no. 2, p. 123–139. DOI 10.1108/INMR-05-2020-0057.
WANG, Guohao e YU, Liying, 2019. Characteristic and Enlightenment on Universities Collaborative Innovation Mode of Japan Shikoku Area. Education Sciences [online]. 21 outubro 2019. vol. 9, no. 4, p. 257. [Acesso em 11 fevereiro 2025]. DOI 10.3390/educsci9040257. Disponível em: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/9/4/257
WANG, L. et al., 2024. The triple helix collaboration: lessons from a Chinese provincial innovation ecosystem. Chinese Management Studies. 2024. vol. 18, no. 4, p. 1276–1289. DOI 10.1108/CMS-08-2023-0391.
WIPO, 2024. Global Innovation Index 2024 : [online]. Genebra: World Intellectual Property Organization. [Acesso em 2 maio 2025]. Disponível em: https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/#.
YESSIMOVA, S. et al., 2024. Strengthening the Nexus: Policy and Legislative Reforms for University-Industry Collaboration in Kazakhstan. Theoretical and Practical Research in the Economic Fields. 2024. vol. 15, no. 1, p. 136–144. DOI 10.14505/tpref.v15.1(29).13.
YUN, J.J. e LIU, Z., 2019. Micro- and macro-dynamics of open innovation with a Quadruple-Helix model. Sustainability (Switzerland). 2019. vol. 11, no. 12. DOI 10.3390/SU11123301.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Camila Aparecida Braga Arantes, Frederico Cesar Mafra Pereira, Elisângela Cristina Aganette

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant Liinc em Revista the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors have permission and are encouraged to deposit their manuscripts and versios of record (VoR) in their personal web pages or institutional repositories, generic repositories etc., before (pre-print) or after (post-print) the publication in Liinc em Revista, according to its open access depositing policy registered in the Directory of Editorial Policies of Brazilian Journals (DIADORIM), kindly providing a link to the article published on Liinc's website.
Liinc em Revista, published by Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License – CC BY 4.0