This paper presents a critical perspective on the concept of the Anthropocene from a political ecology perspective, emphasizing the inequalities in the production of the catastrophic situation of climate emergency. Based on indigenous epistemologies, it discusses the relationship between decolonization and ways out of the crisis. Based on a research project that brought together indigenous art and mapping of environmental conflicts, we focus on the case of indigenous retaking of territories in southern Bahia and the reconstruction of the Atlantic Rainforest through the work of three indigenous artists: Arissana Pataxó, Glicéria Tupinambá and Olinda Muniz Wanderley (Yawar Tupinambá)